Mr Sandile Madlala graduated with a Bachelor of Arts honours degree cum laude for his research into Maskandi as a subcultural phenomenon in South Africa and its participants ‘communication’ practices.

‘The specificity of my interest in the Maskandi subculture was its fandom culture, as it is the fans, who manifest as a religiously distinct and large communal corpus of listeners actively constituting the power, which has given rise to Maskandi,’ explained Madlala.